Kyungmin Shin
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
Title: Clinical indications for mammography in men and correlation with breast cancer
Biography
Biography: Kyungmin Shin
Abstract
Purpose: To examine presenting clinical symptoms and imaging findings and correlate them with biopsy-proven breast cancer in men.
Method & Materials: 429 male patients who presented for mammography at one institution between January 2004 and December 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Of the 429 patients, 291 presented with clinical symptoms for diagnostic mammography and 138 presented for screening mammography. The presenting clinical symptoms in 291 patients were recorded and correlated with imaging (mammography and sonography) and histopathology findings.
Results: A total of 291 patients were included. Multiple symptoms were possible and there were a total of 318 clinical symptoms. 190 (60%) presented with palpable abnormalities, 44 (14%) with non-focal pain, 31 (10%) with swelling, 14 (4%) with breast enlargement, 13 (4%) with focal pain, 13 (4%) with other symptoms, 7 (2%) with skin changes and 6 (2%) with nipple discharge/changes. 290 patients underwent mammography and 176 patients underwent sonography. A total of 41 cancers were diagnosed, most invasive ductal carcinoma. Statistical analysis of the clinical symptoms demonstrated that nipple discharge/changes and skin changes (mostly with associated palpable abnormalities) had the highest sensitivity. Analysis of mammography findings revealed that 52 patients showed either a mass or a focal asymmetry on mammography, of which 38 (73%) were diagnosed with cancer. Only three patients (1%) who had neither a mass nor a focal asymmetry were diagnosed with cancer.
Conclusion: Correlating clinical symptoms and imaging findings can help to develop more accurate probabilities for timely and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer in men. Clinical symptoms of nipple discharge/changes, skin changes with associated palpable abnormalities and mammographic findings of masses and focal asymmetries were associated with male breast cancer. Pain, breast enlargement and swelling were unlikely to be associated with breast cancer.